Maida on the Work of O’Connor – Light and Enlightenment

Maida on the Work of O’Connor Jordan Hollowell English 103 Professor Kuzmenkov October 6, 2012 (2) The main idea of Maida’s article is to tie together and explain the common literary devices apparent in Flannery O’Connor’s short stories.There are four reoccurring devices in O’Connor’s work: first, the eyes, which reflect an individuals innermost thoughts and emotions; then the tree-line which symbolizes the division of understanding between the world understood by an individual and the world beyond their comprehension; then the color purple which represents emotional or physical trauma which is often evoked alongside the Sun, which represents divine intervention.In describing these devices Maida also describes the arc of O’Connor’s characters as one in which they begin their journey with a sinful or selfish understanding of life and ultimately are bestowed with an enlightened understanding of life after embracing the love of God , Christian values, or both. (3) Maida’s writing is a brilliant exploration of the subject matter.From the citations given throughout the article it seems apparent that the core idea would not be lost on any reader, but after having been provided with a thorough examination of the O’Connor ‘s symbology her writing can now be appreciated to it’s full extent. For instance, a symbol like the Sun might be mistaken for a moment of clarity to someone unfamiliar with O’Connor’s other works. (4a) Maida (1976) asserts that the Sun is unmistakable as God’s active force, due to its ability to violate the laws of physics concerning its shape and movement (p. -3). However, since it is used as a metaphor its movement or changes could be interpreted as imagined movements that reside only in the mind of the character to whom they apply. The Sun as metaphor would then represent the comprehension of a life lesson as it eludes or is absorbed by the chara cter. This understanding would recast the role of God from one which is shown to be an active participant spurring characters’ ultimate realizations, to one in which the character must grasp the truth of God and life more independently.While the story would still make sense, the nuances of God’s love and patience would be lost. (5) My claim that Maida’s examination of O’Connor’s symbolism enable’s readers to understand the authors writing to it’s full extent stems from my personal reluctance to embrace the idea that God is active in peoples lives. I know that I would miss the message which (4b) Maida continues to stress, â€Å"Although man is thwarted by his lack of vision, the light remains a hovering presence-ready to pursue if necessary, the recalcitrant† (p. ) Were I to read O’Connor’s works I feel that I would choose to believe that the characters have their notions shattered and come to enlightenment through introspection, that they come to their own conclusions about God independently of Him. I would choose to view the Sun not as something that pursues, but rather something which as always been with the character, but never accepted or explored until the time wherein the individual was ready for it. References (1a) Maida, P. D. (1976). Light and Enlightenment in Flannery O'Connor's Fiction.In Bloom's Literary Reference Online. Retrieved from http://www. fofweb. com. proxy1. athensams. net/activelink2. asp? ItemID=WE54;SID=5;iPin= BLTSAR011;SingleRecord=True (1b) Maida, Patricia D. â€Å"Light and Enlightenment in Flannery O'Connor's Fiction. † Sin and Redemption, Bloom's Literary Themes. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2010. Bloom's Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. October 6, 2012. ;http://www. fofweb. com. proxy1. athensams. net/activelink2. asp? ItemID=WE54;SID=5;iPin= BLTSAR011;SingleRecord=True;.

Dying to be Beautiful The Risks of Cosmetic Surgery

An extremely amount of people around the world do not feel comfortable with the face that they were born with and feel uncomfortable to show it. They believe they are ugliest people in the world and they feel like that whatever the people say is the truth. They believe that they have no other escape but to go in for cosmetic surgery. An enormous amount of men and woman go in for cosmetic surgery to make them look younger or fix a part of their face that they are unsatisfied with or they want to reshape something that to them is a disorder. They go into surgery without knowing the consequences they are going in for and they face high chances of never seeing their original face never again. Certain celebrity and model’s career have†¦show more content†¦All that enormous amount of money she spent on her surgeries, could have gone towards the poor ad to people that need that help or even give that money to the people that need the face surgeries just to live. The process of going in for cosmetic surgery is tiresome and expensive. If you just want to go in for a lip injection, the total will be around $499 and if you want a face-lift, it would range from $4000-$7000. It is an incredulously amount of money that person will be paying for plastic surgery and they do not even know if the surgery will be successful. All that money they will spend for the surgery can be used for something even better other than plastic surgery. A counterargument from healthy beauty states, â€Å"cosmetic surgery won’t change your life. It won’t solve personal problems or make you look like someone else. But it may give you greater self confidence and add to your sense of well-being†. Yes, to some people cosmetic surgery can give them confidence but to others, it will leave them unsatisfied and wanting even more surgery until their face is completely different and barely even recognize themselves. Other people have had some successful surgeries and loo k even better than before but to others, have had unsuccessful surgeries and they try to go back to fix it and it just becomes worse and at the end, the face that you always wanted, became the nightmare that you never wanted to have in the first placee. Cosmetic surgery isShow MoreRelatedCosmetic Surgery: A Risky and Costly Procedure1355 Words   |  6 PagesIf one is considering cosmetic surgery I suggest reconsidering. Research shows cosmetic surgery can be a risky and costly procedure. Society is pressuring people to look more attractive. Media shows actors to be flawless and the public feels that one should be compared to these actors. Cosmetic surgery is becoming more popular is today’s culture. People are turning to cosmetic surgery for many reasons, some of them are not healthy. 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There is always something that people critique about themselves physically. People are so caught up in the hype of achieving physical perfection that they deviate from acknowledging the fact that plastic surgery has negative effects on self-esteem, long-term effects on health, wastes money, and can be life-threatening. Today’s society has brainwashed men and women into believing that inRead MoreCosmetic Surgery And Its Effects On People And Their Lives2046 Words   |  9 PagesTHE DEVIL IN COSMETIC SURGERY Nowadays, the physical beauty has been considered like a scale to evaluate and measure people, especially women. Everyone wants to have a perfect body as well as a beautiful face to attract the others. Some people try to get their beauty through makeup, exercise or diet, but some try to fix their appearance by the intervention of cosmetic surgeons. Thus, cosmetic surgery somehow has become the most popular procedure for people to improve their beauty. There is no doubtRead MorePlastic : The Body Image1765 Words   |  8 Pagessociety, more women are searching for a â€Å"quick fix† to put an end to their insecurities. Cosmetic plastic surgery is a quick solution to solve body image issues like small breast, wrinkled skin, and even a nose that is too pointy. Plastic illustrates a scenario where a woman changes her body’s appearance to imitate her idea of beauty. Women are drawn to the fairy tale idea that cosmetic surgery and plastic surgery will enhance their features overnight. Plastic gives a simple solution to the familiar

I have always been an existentialist and always have loved...

I have always been an existentialist and always have loved a multitude of options in my life. I believe that there is no greater being that controls my life rather I control my life; however, others might disagree with this idea. One knows ones duty and purpose in life and ,therefore, must execute it. From the moment of birth, one’s life has already been decided. In essence, what should I do, follow my heart and take responsibility for it, or follow what others have set for me already? This explains the conflicts of existentialism and determinism. These two ways of thinking clash with one another. They have two separate ideas of how humans should live. Even though they clash, I think in some cases; these two philosophies go very†¦show more content†¦Does my actions need valid reasoning, or can I just go with what my gut and experience tell me? Although our decisions may have adverse consequences, I believe that we dictate our own lives, not our lives dictate us. It co uld be what we want and could be very practical, but all in all, it is our decision. Soren Kierkegaard was considered the father of â€Å"Existentialism.† He was the one that thought that we have an infinite amount of options in our lives. Life is more than just living and breathing; it is about the involvement of knowing yourself and doing things that you are passionate about. However, without passion, there is no movement, no drive to get people moving and enjoying life to its fullest potential. One of the worst emotion that a human can feel is despair because it causes humans to lose contact with their inner self, and it may have come to the point of where humans have sickness unto death. However, people have to come to the conscious conclusion that they are not themselves and that they have lost their spirit. Sickness unto death is a sickness of the spirit, and it comes in three forms: The despair of spiritlessness, the despair of encapsulation, and the despair of defianc e. In the movie, Mei has conflicting feelings of whether to follow her duty or her heart, sickness unto death. If she follows her father’s orders and marries the

Career Profile Of The Transition From School - 1332 Words

I. INTRODUCTION â€Å"The transition from school to work can be challenging for students. It is our job to help you identify your goal, acquire job searching skills and get prepare for the outside world.† ---- Janice Tester (Career advisor, McGill University) Janice Tester has been working as a Career Advisor for McGill Career planning Service Office (CaPS) for over 17 years. In 2014, I started to serve as a peer educator in CaPS office and Janice became my supervisor since then. Despite the fact that we worked closely together in the past two years, I never get a chance to know her accomplishments in the job and how she perceive her work. This became my initial motivation to interview her. Another reason is that, given the importance of career advising service in McGill, its performance is difficult to evaluate. A throughout analysis on this position can be helpful for its performance improvement. Several expectations for this posit ion were developed during my working in CaPS. Firstly, I expected career advisors to be business-orientated, with backgrounds in human resource management. Secondly, since their works involve mostly one-on-one consulting with students, interactions with colleagues are limited and unnecessary. Thirdly, I expected that, career advisors enjoy a high level of initiative. Instead of taking commands directly from their supervisor, they have theShow MoreRelatedNew High School Graduation Requirements789 Words   |  4 PagesEducation (ODE) adopted new high school graduation requirements. In addition to completing the state’s credit requirements and demonstrating proficiency on state standardized assessments, students must meet three personalized learning requirements (PLRs): 1) completion of an education plan and profile; 2) participation in career-related learning experiences; and 3) extended application of personalized learning knowledge and skills in activities relevant to postse condary and career goals. 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International Business Entry Modes Free Essays

Introduction An international entry mode is an institutional agreement necessary for the entry of a company’s products, technology and human capital into a foreign country or market. The reluctance of firms to change entry modes once they are in place, and the difficulty involved in doing so, make the mode of entry decision a key strategic issue for firms operating in today’s rapidly internationalizing market place. The choice of mode will depend on internal characteristics (eg firm size, international experience) and external characteristics (eg the sociocultural distance between the host country and the home country) as well as the trade-off between desired mode characteristics (risk adverse, control and flexibility). We will write a custom essay sample on International Business Entry Modes or any similar topic only for you Order Now The diagram below conveys 3 broad categories of modes of entry, and their fundamental trade offs. Further to the issues discussed above, no matter which of three of the export modes the manufacturer uses in a market, it is important to think about what level of ‘mindshare’ the manufacturer occupies in the mind of the export partner, as there has been a strong proven correlation between mindshare levels and how willing the export intermediary is to place on company brand in front of another, or how likely the intermediary is to defect. Good mind share will depend on scoring well across the three drivers of commitment and trust, collaboration and mutuality of interest common purpose. Export Modes Baring in mind the factors discussed above we will now review the different types of entry modes, beginning with export modes, as they are typically the modes used in initial entry to international markets, as they require a lower financial investment than other modes and can be viewed as a ‘toe in the water; for in experienced and smaller firms or where there may be risks (eg political, economic environmental) preventing FDI. The three major types of exporting are indirect, direct and cooperative. Indirect export modes are modes in which the exporting manufacturer uses independent organizations located in a producer’s country, they include the use of an export buying agent, a broker, an export house, a trading company, or a piggyback. Indirect export modes may be appropriate for firms with limited- rather than long term- international expansion objectives. For example, if international sales are primarily used as a means of disposing of surplus production. The lack of contact with firms abroad will provide limited information to develop a plan for international expansion. In the use of such modes, there is limited control over the marketing mix (other than product). A direct export mode may be more appropriate in gaining a little more control, in which the manufacturer sells directly to an importer, agent or distributor in the foreign target market. The local party will bring the advantage of existing distribution networks, and will provide good local market knowledge. However, a company must be careful in entering into contracts as they can be difficult and costly to terminate, and can go wrong when there is a conflict in interests (e. . it may sell rivals goods or competing product lines). Similarly, there is a serious disincentive for the agent/distributor in that if it performs well and develops the market, it risks being replaced by a subsidiary of the principal. Intermediate modes As a firm gradually evolves towards more foreign based operations, Intermediate modes will become more suitable modes of entry. This will likely include firms possessi ng some sort of competitive advantage that are unable to exploit this advantage because of resource constraints. Intermediate modes take the form of contract manufacturing, licencing, franchising, a joint venture or a strategic alliance. Contract manufacturing- where manufacturing is contracted to an external foreign partner provides a low risk and potentially low cost mode of entry. Benetton and Ikea are a good example of companies who successfully rely on a contractual network of small overseas manufacturers. Benetton has over 80% of its production outsourced to 450 contractors (located in low cost production countries such as India and China). As a result of the money saved on labour, Benetton can sell products 20% cheaper, helping it to maintain a low cost position in comparison to competitors. Of course, this method may not be appropriate for every company as there is a loss of knowledge and intellectual property rights, and the transaction costs involved must also be considered. Licensing differs from contract manufacturing in that more value chain functions have been transferred to the licensee. In outsourcing production and downstream activities a licensor irm can concentrate on its core competences and therefore will remain technologically superior in its product development- for example Apple licenses its brand to manufacturers of accessory products, and the BBC licenses rights to broadcast TV shows around the world. However a lack of control over licensor operations and therefore quality may lead a company to use franchising (a sub variant of licensing) in which the franchisor gives a right to the franchisee agains t a payment, EG a right to use a total business concept/system, including the use of trademarks/brands, against some agreed royalty. Franchising not only provides a greater degree of control than licensing, but It can also be seen as low cost and low risk as the franchise are the ones investing in the necessary equipment and know-how. This entry mode has been seen to generate great successes for companies such as McDonalds who now franchises 25000 restaurants globally. However, it should be noted that there is still a lack of full control over franchisee’s operations, which can result in problems with cooperation, communications, quality control etc, and a risk of damage to the company’s international reputation if some franchisees underperform (‘’free-riding’’). Another intermediary mode that will allow greater control is a joint venture, in which 2 ‘parent’ companies create a new ‘child’ company. This high degree of control and local knowledge is a clear advantage of such an entry mode. The shared knowledge and resources gained through a JV as compared with wholly owned subsidiaries will bring many advantages such as economies of scale. However of course there is a loss of confidentiality and flexibility, and the use of double management will raise questions about how the company is split- 50/50? If 50/50, it is difficult for the board to make decisions, if at all! Hierarchical modes of entry allow the highest degree of control for a firm, while at the same time, the highest degree of risk as the firm completely owns and controls the foreign entry mode. To have a wholly owned subsidiary a firm can either acquire an existing company (acquisition) or build on its own operations from scratch (greenfield/brownfield investment). An acquisition will provide rapid entry, access to distribution channel, an existing customer base. This may be the only feasible way of establishing a base in the host country in saturated markets, or where there are substantial entry barrier and therefore little room for a new entrant. Of course, as with intermediary modes, there is the issue of contracts, negotiation and the different management styles between companies. If difficulties (eg no appropriate acquisition) are encountered with acquisitions, it may lead firms to prefer to establish greenfield (new facility) and brownfield (existing facilities) operations. Out of the two- greenfield is seen as an advantageous option because the new plant will involve the latest technology and equipment, avoiding the problem of trying to change the traditional practices of an established concern. Although this is a big investment for a company involving slow entry into the foreign market, the returns are long term and the firm has control over the entire operation. Conclusion It cannot be stated categorically which alternative is the best. There are many internal and external conditions which affect this choice and it should be emphasized that a manufacturer wanting to engage in global marketing may use more than one of these methods at the same time (Petersen and Welch, 2002). Such ‘mode packages’ may take the form of a concerted use of several operation modes in an integrated, complementary way. Zara is a good example of this- in markets where the hierarchical model is used, there is high growth potential and relative low sociocultural distance between the home country of Spain and target market. The intermediate modes (usually joint venture and franchising) are mainly used in countries where the sociocultural distance is relatively high. For example in 1999, Zara entered into a 50-50 JV with the German firm OTTO Versand, which had experience in the distribution sector and market knowledge in one of Europe’s largest markets, Germany. Whereas franchising is used by Zara in high risk countries which are socio-culturally distant or have small markets which allow sales forecast such as Andorra, Puerto Rico or the Philippines. How to cite International Business Entry Modes, Essay examples International Business Entry Modes Free Essays Introduction An international entry mode is an institutional agreement necessary for the entry of a company’s products, technology and human capital into a foreign country or market. The reluctance of firms to change entry modes once they are in place, and the difficulty involved in doing so, make the mode of entry decision a key strategic issue for firms operating in today’s rapidly internationalizing market place. The choice of mode will depend on internal characteristics (eg firm size, international experience) and external characteristics (eg the sociocultural distance between the host country and the home country) as well as the trade-off between desired mode characteristics (risk adverse, control and flexibility). We will write a custom essay sample on International Business Entry Modes or any similar topic only for you Order Now The diagram below conveys 3 broad categories of modes of entry, and their fundamental trade offs. Further to the issues discussed above, no matter which of three of the export modes the manufacturer uses in a market, it is important to think about what level of ‘mindshare’ the manufacturer occupies in the mind of the export partner, as there has been a strong proven correlation between mindshare levels and how willing the export intermediary is to place on company brand in front of another, or how likely the intermediary is to defect. Good mind share will depend on scoring well across the three drivers of commitment and trust, collaboration and mutuality of interest common purpose.  Control Key and Word – Text and Graphics. Export Modes Baring in mind the factors discussed above we will now review the different types of entry modes, beginning with export modes, as they are typically the modes used in initial entry to international markets, as they require a lower financial investment than other modes and can be viewed as a ‘toe in the water; for in experienced and smaller firms or where there may be risks (eg political, economic environmental) preventing FDI. The three major types of exporting are indirect, direct and cooperative. Indirect export modes are modes in which the exporting manufacturer uses independent organizations located in a producer’s country, they include the use of an export buying agent, a broker, an export house, a trading company, or a piggyback. Indirect export modes may be appropriate for firms with limited- rather than long term- international expansion objectives. For example, if international sales are primarily used as a means of disposing of surplus production. The lack of contact with firms abroad will provide limited information to develop a plan for international expansion. In the use of such modes, there is limited control over the marketing mix (other than product). A direct export mode may be more appropriate in gaining a little more control, in which the manufacturer sells directly to an importer, agent or distributor in the foreign target market. The local party will bring the advantage of existing distribution networks, and will provide good local market knowledge. However, a company must be careful in entering into contracts as they can be difficult and costly to terminate, and can go wrong when there is a conflict in interests (e. . it may sell rivals goods or competing product lines). Similarly, there is a serious disincentive for the agent/distributor in that if it performs well and develops the market, it risks being replaced by a subsidiary of the principal. Intermediate modes As a firm gradually evolves towards more foreign based operations, Intermediate modes will become more suitable modes of entry. This will likely include firms possessi ng some sort of competitive advantage that are unable to exploit this advantage because of resource constraints. Intermediate modes take the form of contract manufacturing, licencing, franchising, a joint venture or a strategic alliance. Contract manufacturing- where manufacturing is contracted to an external foreign partner provides a low risk and potentially low cost mode of entry. Benetton and Ikea are a good example of companies who successfully rely on a contractual network of small overseas manufacturers. Benetton has over 80% of its production outsourced to 450 contractors (located in low cost production countries such as India and China). As a result of the money saved on labour, Benetton can sell products 20% cheaper, helping it to maintain a low cost position in comparison to competitors. Of course, this method may not be appropriate for every company as there is a loss of knowledge and intellectual property rights, and the transaction costs involved must also be considered. Licensing differs from contract manufacturing in that more value chain functions have been transferred to the licensee. In outsourcing production and downstream activities a licensor irm can concentrate on its core competences and therefore will remain technologically superior in its product development- for example Apple licenses its brand to manufacturers of accessory products, and the BBC licenses rights to broadcast TV shows around the world. However a lack of control over licensor operations and therefore quality may lead a company to use franchising (a sub variant of licensing) in which the franchisor gives a right to the franchisee agains t a payment, EG a right to use a total business concept/system, including the use of trademarks/brands, against some agreed royalty. Franchising not only provides a greater degree of control than licensing, but It can also be seen as low cost and low risk as the franchise are the ones investing in the necessary equipment and know-how. This entry mode has been seen to generate great successes for companies such as McDonalds who now franchises 25000 restaurants globally. However, it should be noted that there is still a lack of full control over franchisee’s operations, which can result in problems with cooperation, communications, quality control etc, and a risk of damage to the company’s international reputation if some franchisees underperform (‘’free-riding’’). Another intermediary mode that will allow greater control is a joint venture, in which 2 ‘parent’ companies create a new ‘child’ company. This high degree of control and local knowledge is a clear advantage of such an entry mode. The shared knowledge and resources gained through a JV as compared with wholly owned subsidiaries will bring many advantages such as economies of scale. However of course there is a loss of confidentiality and flexibility, and the use of double management will raise questions about how the company is split- 50/50? If 50/50, it is difficult for the board to make decisions, if at all! Hierarchical modes of entry allow the highest degree of control for a firm, while at the same time, the highest degree of risk as the firm completely owns and controls the foreign entry mode. To have a wholly owned subsidiary a firm can either acquire an existing company (acquisition) or build on its own operations from scratch (greenfield/brownfield investment). An acquisition will provide rapid entry, access to distribution channel, an existing customer base. This may be the only feasible way of establishing a base in the host country in saturated markets, or where there are substantial entry barrier and therefore little room for a new entrant. Of course, as with intermediary modes, there is the issue of contracts, negotiation and the different management styles between companies. If difficulties (eg no appropriate acquisition) are encountered with acquisitions, it may lead firms to prefer to establish greenfield (new facility) and brownfield (existing facilities) operations. Out of the two- greenfield is seen as an advantageous option because the new plant will involve the latest technology and equipment, avoiding the problem of trying to change the traditional practices of an established concern. Although this is a big investment for a company involving slow entry into the foreign market, the returns are long term and the firm has control over the entire operation. Conclusion It cannot be stated categorically which alternative is the best. There are many internal and external conditions which affect this choice and it should be emphasized that a manufacturer wanting to engage in global marketing may use more than one of these methods at the same time (Petersen and Welch, 2002). Such ‘mode packages’ may take the form of a concerted use of several operation modes in an integrated, complementary way. Zara is a good example of this- in markets where the hierarchical model is used, there is high growth potential and relative low sociocultural distance between the home country of Spain and target market. The intermediate modes (usually joint venture and franchising) are mainly used in countries where the sociocultural distance is relatively high. For example in 1999, Zara entered into a 50-50 JV with the German firm OTTO Versand, which had experience in the distribution sector and market knowledge in one of Europe’s largest markets, Germany. Whereas franchising is used by Zara in high risk countries which are socio-culturally distant or have small markets which allow sales forecast such as Andorra, Puerto Rico or the Philippines. How to cite International Business Entry Modes, Papers

The Three Musketeers Analysis Essay Example For Students

The Three Musketeers Analysis Essay DArtagnan goes to France to become a Musketeer. But on his way he gets into a fight with a tall ,dark haired nobleman with a scar on his right cheek. He sees the man talking to a woman named Milady de Winter. DArtagnan finally finds the captain of the musketeers Monsieur de Treville. DArtagnan sees the man that defeated him and runs afterhim. But on his way he runs over wounded Athos and he also runs into Porthos. He ranthrough the street but could not find the man. Athos gets mad and challenges DArtagnanto a duel. But when they were about to fight five Cardinal Guards attack them, andDArtagnan is rewarded for his bravery. One day his landlord comes to him with afavor and he excepts it because he has not paid his bill for three months rent. Constance Bonacieux was kidnapped. While he is telling his friends the whole storyhe hears his landlord yelling because he was being arrested. But they do not save himfor if they get arrested then they will not be able to rescue him. At night he heard someone crying. He looked through the hole on the floor of his apartment, and saw the guards tying up a young woman. He brakes the door and scares the guards away. Shethanks him and they fall in love .He then guides her safely to the palace where she is a maid for the Queen of France. But a man comes beside her and DArtagnan isabout to fight him but she stops them and tells DArtagnan that it is only theDuke of Buckingham and that he has come to meet the Queen. The Queentells him to leave because he might be in danger .He asks her to give him somethingto remember her by ,so she gives him a ribbon with twelve diamonds on it. She didnt know but on of her maids were spying on her, the maid immediatelyreported it to Richelieu. Richelieu told the King to schedule a ball in ten days in the Queens honor. He told Milady de Winter to steal two of the diamonds from theribbon to show the King that his Queen gave it to another man. Constance asks DArtagnan to tell the Duke about the ribbon, and the Queens danger. TheDuke gets someone to make a pair that looks just the same so he can get the Queenout of great danger. The Cardinals plan is ruined and he wants to get revenge. She gets him to like her and do to whatever she tells him/ her maid warns himand he finds out that she has the brand of the executioner. He escapes from herand shows Athos her brooch. He now knows she didnt die. The Cardinal sees themusketeers and asks them to go back with him to the inn. Athos starts to hear voicesfrom a pipe. They leave and he goes to Miladys room. He tells her to give him thewarrant and she does because she doesnt want him to kill her. She does getrevenge though she gets another man to help and fall in love with her. He gets her on a boat and tells her to wait for him. DArtagnans servant is on the same but when he gets to the Duke he is already dead. He gets arrested and everyone is sad. On the way back Planchet recognizes Milady and Rochefort in a carriage. He over-hears them saying that Constance is at Bethune and that they are going there. .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 , .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 .postImageUrl , .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 , .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990:hover , .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990:visited , .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990:active { border:0!important; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990:active , .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990 .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue63b23750ab9aef9edc868f1335d8990:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Bipolar disorder 3 EssayMilady lies to the nun and tells her she wants to see Madame Bonacieux. Milady orders food and tells Constance to eat. She pours Constance wineand puts red powder in it. By the time they get there Constance is already dead. DArtagnan kills Rochefort and Athos ties up Milady and locks her in the carriage. A man with a mask over his face comes back with Athos. They all ride to a river and get off their horses. The man takes Milady out of the carriage anputs her on the ground. Then they each tell her crimes. Then the executioner tells his story. Then he takes off his mask and she knows who he is .She says that he is The executioner of Lille, the man who branded Her. He then grabs her by the arm and puts her in a boat tied up. He takes her to the other shore and stabbed her with his sword. The men on the other side could hear her scream of terror, and horror.

The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example Essay Example

The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example Paper The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Introduction Francis Macomber became the centre of humiliation after displaying his cowardice in front of his wife, Margot, and the Safari hunter, Robert Wilson. The three had gone to hunt down a lion from which Macomber had fled with fright while Wilson had shot it. As a result, Margot even slept with Wilson, whom she considered a better man, that very night. After resolving his actions, in order to demonstrate his bravery, Macomber managed to shoot three buffaloes the next day and stood ground while facing a charging beast. Just as he was enjoying his moment of becoming a man, Margot shot him in his head either because she was trying to protect him or she loathed her husband transforming into a powerful man. That explained why Francis Macomber had a happy but a very short life. Context Third person omniscient narrator Unbiased view of each character – Their actions and reactions; contrasting and complex emotions, even those of an animal The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Body Paragraphs Reveals important facts which cannot be done so with a narrow-minded first person view Alternation of narrative – Further insights into thoughts and personality of the characters Lion: â€Å".the lion looked huge.his shoulders heavy, his barrel of a body bulking smoothly.he saw a man figure detach itself from it and he turned his heavy head and swung away.felt the slam of a .30-06 220–grain solid bullet that bit his flank and ripped in sudden hot scalding nausea through his stomach.† Wilson: â€Å"Hope the silly beggar doesn’t take a notion to blow the back of my head off. Women are a nuisance on safari.† An initiation (passage of rite) story in which Macomber realizes that manhood cannot be achieved with wealth and possession but only with overcoming dangers and challenging nature sufferings, in this case, hunting; killing threatening wild beasts on the African safari. Setting African safari – A dangerous area where tourists enjoy hunting in order to display their strength and courage as men; Irony for Francis Macomber. These tourists are mostly white men (Americans) who have come to invade the territory of the African wildlife – racism. Familiarity of the setting since Hemmingway himself went on a safari around 1935-36. An American couple away from the luxuries and conveniences of American life, facing a beautiful foreign landscape full of dangers and threats. Plot Conflict: Francis Macomber’s humiliation for fleeing from the lion – Reader abhors Macomber’s cowardice, agreeing with Margot. Climax: Macomber’s recollection of the embarrassing moment, negation of himself and his resolve to change – Reader sympathizes with him while despising Margot. Resolution: Macomber’s accession to manhood interrupted by Margot – Reader admires Macomber but immediately gets shocked by his murder by Margot: Daydreams Vs Shock of reality; the hunter becomes the prey. Characters Francis Macomber – Protagonist of the story. A wealthy 35 year old American on a hunt with his wife and an English guide on the African safari. At first, he was seen as a coward. His fear was evident by the way he reacted to his insulting wife who he considered a beauty since he was not courageous enough to chase other beautiful young girls. This became very obvious during the lion chase. Upon hearing the lion roaring at night: â€Å".there was no one to tell he was afraid.† Giving excuses not to confront the lion: â€Å"Can’t we sent the beaters?†, â€Å"What about the gun-bearers?†, â€Å"Why not leave him there?†; He was â€Å"trembling.a pitiful look on his face.† Facing the lion charging at the party: â€Å"The next thing he knew, he was running; running.in panic.toward the stream.† Macomber seems to be on the safari just because hunting is what men usually do but not because of he wants to. However, he undergoes a radical change from a coward ‘American-boy’ to a brave ‘man’ when he stands ground against a charging buffalo. At that moment, he finds pleasure and strongly believes that his life will change; there is a shift in power from his harassing wife, Margot Macomber, to him. â€Å"I feel absolutely different.† â€Å"I’d like to try another lion. I’m really not afraid of them now.† â€Å"Macomber had stood solid and shot for the nose.hitting the heavy horns, splintering and chipping them like hitting a slate roof.† Only when Macomber had finally reached the climax (manhood) of his life, he died at the hands of his wife. Margaret Margot Macomber – Can be considered the antagonist of the story unless the reader sympathizes with her. A beautiful American woman married to Francis Macomber. She was a vicious, selfish, scheming, cold-hearted woman who had married Macomber only because of his money. â€Å"She was an extremely handsome and well-kept woman of the beauty and social position which had, five years before, commanded five thousand dollars as the price of endorsing, with photographs, a beauty product which she had never used.† Margot abhorred her husband’s cowardice and using it as an advantage, cheated on him as a punishment by kissing Robert Wilson, the English hunting guide and even sleeping with him. â€Å"Margot was too beautiful for Macomber to divorce her and Macomber had too much money.† Her infidelity and insults towards Macomber, which had also occurred even before the safari, supported the fact that readers were to dislike her. However, when Macomber metamorphosed into a brave man, she feared that she would lose the power and dominance over him. The very reason was the cause of her husband’s murder. The other reason is to protect him from the charging buffalo. When Macomber was being praised by Wilson, she said with jealousy, â€Å"You’re both talking rot. Ju st because you’ve chased some helpless animals in a motor car you talk like heroes.† â€Å"You’ve gotten awfully brave, awfully suddenly,† she said contemptuously, but her contempt was not secure. She was very afraid of something. Robert Wilson – A character the reader gets closest to. A rugged, handsome English hunting guide. In contrast to Macomber, he is full of experience and has seen lots of men entering manhood during the hunts on the African safari. Despite his admirable character, he is seen to be a womanizer as he usually sleeps with his clients’ wives, even Mrs. Macomber. Still, he remained as a unique, detached character who made clever observations of the American couple, acting as a narrator occasionally. Towards the end of the story, his view that Mrs. Macomber was a cruel yet attractive woman did not change, but he saw Francis’s entry into manhood. He also had a clear understanding why Margot had killed her husband. â₠¬Å"Why didn’t you poison him? That’s what they do in England.† Literary Devices Foreshadowing – The title presents the reader with the knowledge that he is about to witness a certain event of the protagonist which is pleasurable but short. The setting, the wild African safari, indicates that the Francis is about to undergo the challenge of the landscape and its dangerous beasts. Style – Vocabulary and sentence structure is simple, Brief description and focus on dialogues – Lively and refreshing. Hemmingway used the ‘theory of omission’ so that readers can interpret the partial facts that he has written. Irony Fear: Macomber’s cowardice is shifted to Margot when he managed to bring down the buffalo; Margot’s power and dominance is, in turn, lost to Macomber. Predator becomes prey: Macomber hunting lion to demonstrate his courage; Lion chases him displaying his cowardice, Macomber shooting the buffalo to show his br avery; Margot kills him in fear of his confidence. Margot looks down on the men for shooting buffaloes from the car and yet, she kills Macomber from the car herself. Symbolism Car Francis Macomber was sitting at the front seat before he displayed his cowardice, his position was shifted to the rear seat, showing how much his status had sunk. The same thing happened to Margot after she realized that her husband had become a dominant, powerful figure. Associated with fear – an escape route from the threats of the African beasts Animals – Similarity to their human hunters: Macomber fled like a ‘rabbit’ when he faced the ‘lion,’ which was killed despite being the fierce king of the African plains. Macomber, too, was shot dead when he became a brave figure by bringing down a charging ‘buffalo’ (indication of achieving manhood), resembling the lion. Guns – Manliness, Courage, Respect, Survival Robert Wilson has ‘machi ne-gunner’s eyes’ – manly and courageous Francis Macomber is trembling while he holds his gun – coward Themes Flaws of the upper-class American society – Wilson’s racist view of the Macombers is also Hemmingway’s point of view. He thinks they are ‘damned strange people.’ He describes Francis Macomber as an â€Å"American boy-men† (a man acting like a boy) and Margot Macomber as ‘the hardest, the cruelest, the most predatory and the most attractive and their men have softened or gone to pieces nervously as they have hardened. seen enough of their damn terrorism’ (sexual attraction of American women but is disgusted with their infidelity). Men and Masculinity (Courage) – Men prove their masculinity by hunting down ferocious wild animals; Francis Macomber’s initial boyish characteristic (coward and weak) is a contrast to a manly, respectful one of Robert Wilson (courageous and strong). Cour age is intertwined with masculinity and it is the reason to pay one respect and self-worth. Macomber has lacked courage by fleeing from the lion as well as repeating his humiliation. Coming of Age – Macomber gaining courage and power when he discovers true manhood in hunting rather than in wealth. Women and Femininity – The only female character in the story, Margot Macomber, is presented as a mystery; whether her intentions are pitiful or not, or if she has killed Francis â€Å"accidentally.† Still, her beauty and wits which lead to her power and dominance over her husband is a destruction and brings harm to Francis’ masculinity. Violence Physical – Wilson threatens the servants with beatings thinking they would prefer punishment rather than losing money; Hunting down buffaloes from a car; Margot shooting Macomber in the head like hunting down a beast. Psychological – Margot tormenting her husband with her insults and infidelity. Marriage – Margot’s beauty and Macomber’s wealth – Dispute between wife and husband – Margot begins to sleep with other men but Macomber dares not anger her and at the same time, Margot realizes his fear to lose her. Conclusion â€Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber† is one of Ernest Hemmingway’s short stories in which the protagonist, Francis Macomber, becomes a man which, according to Hemmingway, can be gained by hunting down fierce wild animals. The story has a depressing content, yet, is a very realistic and captivating portrayal of human nature; illusions can be shattered by the shock of reality (demonstrated by immediate end of Francis Macomber’s happy life brought about by his jealous wife, Margot). We will write a custom essay sample on The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer